Dear all,
For the next week (Feb 2 - 6th, 2016), here's a task, watch the following videos and read the articles-
1. Critical Thinking 1
2. Critical Thinking 2
3. Defining Critical Thinking
4. Critical Thinking Definitions
Answer the following question based on it. -
Write a note on critical thinking.
Post the answer as a comment on the post here. Keep checking the blog for our feedback. You can go through what other people have posted and comment on it.
Your dead line for this task is 15th February, 2016
Thanks.
For the next week (Feb 2 - 6th, 2016), here's a task, watch the following videos and read the articles-
1. Critical Thinking 1
2. Critical Thinking 2
3. Defining Critical Thinking
4. Critical Thinking Definitions
Answer the following question based on it. -
Write a note on critical thinking.
Post the answer as a comment on the post here. Keep checking the blog for our feedback. You can go through what other people have posted and comment on it.
Your dead line for this task is 15th February, 2016
Thanks.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeletesorry mam by mistake I have sent week -1 comments here so I have removed it from here and put it at right place.
DeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteWeek-2
ReplyDeleteThis week we have discussed many different definitions for critical thinking based on two videos and two articles. I would like to summarise all of the four here.
All the uploaded materials has been discussed on definitions of Critical Thinking. In the Article 1- There are many definitons given by many critiical thinkers and scholars like Norris, Stephen P., Simon and Kapplan, Moore and Parker, Lindsey, Hall and Thompson.As per my understanding Crtical thinking is important for your understanding and its a active process. Smith a great scholar defines it as " Understanding the meaning of a statement ,judging ambiguity and judging whether statements made by authorities are acceptable.So we can conclude that critical thinking is like a judgment process,which should be done judiciously.The second articles discusses about the attributes of critical thinker and who the critical readers are.Critical thinkers are who asks pertinent questions.He who assess statements and arguments.He is who examines problem closely and gives his judicious views.Such are the attributes of critical thinkers.Article 2 gives definition of critical thinking as a process of actively and skillfully conceptualising, applying, analysing, synthesizing and evaluating information gathered from observation.This article also pens down who as well cultivated critical thinkers.The thinkers who raises vital questions and problems , one who formulates its clearly and precisely.He also use abstract ideas to interpret it effectively.The video also gives a view of different definitions of critical thinking.
In the video the narrator says that critical thinking it does not mean criticise someone.The basis of critical thinking is what we read, hear and see.We do critical thinking on these basis of what we read, hear and see.Critical thinking requires careful and intentional thinking .While doing critical thinking we should be judicious and careful while critically thinking on any claim made by anyone.It can also be considered as a problem solving.So after studying lots of definitions of criticak thinking, i conclude that for me " Critical thinking is process that is done slowly, in a judicious way and with lots of application and clearly understanding the need of critical thinking in a particular field" So critical thinking should be learnt more deeply according to me.
Week: 2
ReplyDeleteDictionary says ‘critical’ means to find fault, to criticize someone or something. Mostly it has negative meaning but critical thinking is something more than it. Critical thinking means one should judge the claim, try to identify that it is true or not or we can say that the particular claim is acceptable or not.
Critical thinking is all about the skill of asking questions not only asking question but the right question at appropriate time and place. To think critically person should develop the skill of asking question, getting information and evaluating the other person’s claims on particular topic. Critical thinking also involves identifying key points, resources. It never means to find out flows in others but it means to be a creative person for criticize anyone or anything. One should be a reflective and learn to adopt the good aspects of others claims. What is important for critical thinking? For critical thinking one should need sufficient information and relevant knowledge for taking decision. Critical thinking is a quite difficult task, it’s not dependant on family or friend’s perspective or certain beliefs infect it is higher order skill which makes you more confident. Critical thinking is also about a self-discovery which makes you more accurate to filter what is right or wrong.
Critical thinking is a two way process. There are many scholars who tried to define the term. Some of them are as under:
According to Moore and Parker “The careful application of reason in the determination of whether a claim is true.” As per Tittle’s point of view critical thinking is “judicious reasoning about what to believe and therefore, what to do”. These both definitions have four main points which are;
• Careful and intentional thinking
• Use of reason or logic
• Judgement about beliefs
• Application to the real world problems
Critical thinking is not easy process, it takes time. One should focus on complexities and then one can be able to take a decision.it is not a passive process infect it requires active involvement. The prime goal of critical thinking is evaluate the particular claim and on the basis of that one can accept or reject the argument. To evaluate the claim means to judge all the part of the claim and the person reached at decision whether s/he is agree or disagree with that claim. If the person think critically means he is able to determine whether the claim is true or not and also able to present his reasons behind his or her acceptance or rejection. One should also have the powerful argument in favour of his claim. Critical thinking is a one kind of problem solving exercise. Critical analyses or thinking is important for our better understanding. It is helpful in every field of life like; economy, social, legal, ethnic etc.
Critical thinking requires application of reasons with other ways and tries to judge or react the claims. One can judge those reasons based on emotion, intuition, faith or common sense. The main purpose of the critical thinking is to determine the claim is true or not and on the basis of that one can decide that action can be taken or not. Critical thinking gives insight in understanding.
In conclusion I would like to say that Critical thinking which also called critical analysis is rational thinking involving critique. Its details vary to person to person. According to Barry K. Beyer (1995), critical thinking means making clear, reasoned judgments. During the process of Critical Thinking one should think intellectually, actively and skilfully. One can be able to conceptualize, analyses, synthesize and evaluate the collected information and reached at the particular decision.
Week 2 Submission:
ReplyDelete• During these days we have connected with some definition for critical thinking which is based on two videos and two articles. So I summarized all of the four here.
• All the utilized materials has been declared or definition of critical thinking. In the Article no. 1. There are many definitions which are given by many critical thinkers and schools like Norris, Stephen P., Simon and Kapplan, Moore and Parker, Lindsey, Hall and Thompson through to my understanding critical thinking is important for comprehensible input and it’s also process which can be done actively. Smith a great scholar discovers that it is to understand the meaning of the statements, Judging ambiguity and Judging weather statement made by authorities are accepted or acceptable so we can contact to the conclude that critical thinking is like a to give correct solution which is refers to judgment process which can be done by judiciously.
• Article no. 2 explains about the attributes of critical thinker who reads cross reading. It shows that who are the critical thinkers or reader both process (to think and read) it means who goes to give statement on who puts arguments. Who is going to display the problems or who solve that problems or who gives proper judgment to the problems. Who gives judicious views on the problems so such are the attributes or condition related to the critical thinkers.
• Article 2 gives definition of critical thinking is an actively and skillful, conceptual, applying analyzing, examine, synthesized and evaluating describing information which are collected or gathered form observation. This article also tells that who is doing well job in critical thinking. The speaker who implements his vast question and problems one should formulates its perfectly. He also uses vast or big ideas to interpret or to interact with effectiveness of thinking.
• In this given video… Narrator gives some major views of various definition of critical thinking. In the video the narrator tells that critical thinking it does not mean that criticize on someone. General or basic of critical thinking is that what we exactly reading, hearing. So we can easily do critical thinking basis on this all skills. Critical thinking needs to be careful and intent thinking. While doing critical thinking we must be judicious or be careful while critically thinking or any claims or problems made by any persons. It can also be referred as a problem solving. So after studies many critical thinking. I conclude that for my understanding…” Critical thinking processes which can you done slowly in judgment way and with lots of acceptable reasons and perfectly understand to need of critical thinking. In a different field or place.” So critical thinking should be learnt more thoroughly.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteWhat is thinking?
ReplyDeleteTrying to understand how people think and learn is in some ways an impossible challenge, since we can only try to understand these things by using the very processes that we do not fully understand. In such circumstances, choices are available. We can choose to focus on measureable aspects of human behavior rather than on lived experience; or we can resort to metaphors which have personal or group appeal; or we can do what scientists have often done when entering a new and complex field look for patterns and regularities between situations.
What do we mean by 'thinking'?
Thinking is an active process intimately connected with language. Thinking as an imagination or mindfulness which is “usually restricted to things not directly perceived” since we tend to say “I saw a tree” rather than “I thought saw a tree” if we are actually standing with our eyes open in front of one.
As one might anticipate, many classroom interventions, based upon theories of self-regulation, emphasize the importance of helping students to develop a positive orientation to learning and a belief that they are capable of succeeding if they work hard and apply appropriate strategies
Do you tend to see the glass as half empty or half full? You have probably heard that question plenty of times. Your answer relates directly to the concept of positive thinking and whether you have a positive or negative outlook on life.
"Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be." - Abraham Lincoln
One of the first steps is to focus on your own inner monologue and to pay attention to your self-talk.
While the terms positive thinking and positive psychology are sometimes used interchangeably, it is important to understand that they are not the same thing. First, positive thinking is about looking at things from a positive point of view. Positive psychology certainly tends to focus on optimism, but it also notes that while there are many benefits to thinking positively, there are actually times when more realistic thinking is more advantageous.
Week-2
ReplyDeleteAns-
Critical thinking is a very wide concept which has been developed before 2500 years ago. The term critical thinking has its roots in the mid-20th century. It offers definitions of critical thinking according to the people who write textbooks and articles on the subjects.
“Critical thinking is deciding rationally what to or what not to believe”
Stephen P.
Critical thinking is kind of process which include certain skill and strategies that increases the possibility of a desirable result. In critical thinking purposeful, reasoned and good directed thinking used in solving problems, calculating likehodes and for making decisions. In critical thinking there is also a involvement of evaluating the thinking process, whether the person who thinks for certain problems is no right path or out of the track. Critical thinking is self-guided and self-disciplined process. In this process of critical thinking, the thinker knows about the human nature and how to deal with the problems according to it. The thinkers are always uses intellectual tools of critical thinking. They follows concepts and principles which may enable them to analyse, assess and improve their thinking. They all have sense of justice and confidence in their reason. Critical thinkers believes that however they are skilled as thinkers but they are always in try to improve their reasoning abilities. As a thinker they have one aim to improve the world in whatever ways they can contribute to a more rational, civilized society.
Critical thinking is concerned on reason, intellectual, honesty and open-mindedness, it opposes emotions and closed mindedness. Thus, critical thinking leads on, considering all possibilities. It depends more on reason rather on emotion. It is precise and provides varity of possible viewpoints and explanations. Critical thinking has more concerned on find truth rather than to prove being right. The thinker who involved into this process are always aware of one’s biases and prejudices and they are not allowing them to come any way how in judgement. Critical thinking is also a kind of ability to respond to material by differentiate between facts and opinion or personal feelings. It includes the abilities to generate questions, constructs and recognize the structure of arguments and how to define, analyse and find out the solutions for the problems and issues. In critical thing there is a evaluation of information, materials and data by reasonable and informed conclusions. The thinkers are always ready for applying understanding and knowledge to the new and different problems.
There are also some uses of critical thinking. It is a basic element of communication, it can play an important role for social change, into the institutions in any society like courts, governments, schools, businesses. It may also helpful for the individual for making them free from half-truth and uncover from biases and prejudices.
At last we can say that a good critical thinker is always asks questions, assesses the statements and arguments and able to tackle the lack of understanding or in formation. They are willing to examine beliefs, assumptions, opinions and through all these things they are trying to find out the possible solutions of the problems. An accurate thinker always looks for evidences to support his assumptions and beliefs and he is always able to adjust his opinions, when some new facts and information are found and also reject the information that is incorrect or irrelevant.
Week-2
ReplyDeleteIn this week we learn about critical thinking with various definitions. In this week critical thinking is based on two videos and two articles. Two videos and two articles based on definition of critical thinking and short summery of critical thinking.
In this first article we learn about various definition of critical thinking given by many critical thinkers and some scholars like Norris, Stephen p, Halpern, Simon and Kapplan and many more. Critical thinking is the process of learning. Lindzey, Hall and Thompson give define critical thinking as “the examination and testing of suggested solutions to see whether they will work.” Other scholar Simon and Kapplan define critical thinking as “Critical thinking is the formation of logical inference”. All scholars and thinkers define critical thinking as their own understanding. This article give some important information for critical thinking. To conclude this article critical thinking is the process of judgment and self learning.
In this second article, critical thinking is a rich concept that has been developing through out the past 2500 years. The term “Critical Thinking” has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information gathered from, or generated from, or gathered by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In this article also tells who is doing well job in critical thinking. The speaker tells about problems and questions about critical thinking. In short critical thinking is self-directed, self-disciplining, self- monitored and self-corrective thinking. End of this article Edward Glaser define critical thinking.
1. An attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come within the range of one’s experiences.
2. Knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning.
3. Some skill in applying those methods. This article is also gives some important detail about critical thinking.
In this video narrator give some major definition about critical thinking. In this video narrator said that critical thinking it does not means that criticize on someone. But critical thinking is what we reading, hearing. We do critical thinking on these basic what we read , hear and see. Critical thinking requires careful thinking. So after studying critical thinking, I conclude that for me “ Critical thinking is process that is slowly and judicious way with lots of acceptable reasons and perfectly understand to need of critical thinking.
At last, critical thinking is very important for thinkers. Critical thinking is very helpful for problem solving. Critical thinking is very helpful for social change and also helpful for school, business and marketing field. Critical thinking play major role in difficult problem solving.
Week -2
ReplyDeleteAnswer :
Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally about what to do and what not to believe. critical thinking is also called critical analysis. In this week we discussed some definition of critical thinking based on two articles and two video. Critical thinking is a big concept that has been developing throughout the before 2500 years. The term ‘critical thinking’ has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. It is a intellectual disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing , applying , analyzing , or evaluation information gathered from observation , gathered by , experience , reflection , reasoning or communication as a guide to belief an action. One should be a reflective and learn to adopt the good aspects of other claims.
What is important for critical thinking? Critical thinking is a self guided and self- disciplined process. Critical thinking – in being responsive to variable subject matter , issues , and purposes – is in corporate in a family of interwoven modes of thinking , among them : scientific thinking , mathematical thinking economical thinking , anthropological thinking , philosophical thinking , moral thinking , critical thinking of any kind is never universal in any individual ; everyone is subject to episodes of undisciplined or irrational thought . The thinkers are always uses intellectual tools of critical thinking . They follows concepts and principles which may enable them to analyze , assess and improve their thinking . They realize that no matter how skills they are as thinkers , they can always improve their reasoning abilities and they will at times fall prey to mistakes in reasoning , biases , distortions , prejudice
“The careful application of reason in the determination of whether a claim is true”
- Moore and parker
Critical thinking is “ a process which stresses an attitude of suspended judgement , incorporates logical inquiry and problem solving , and lead to an evaluative decision or action. Critical thinking is a one kind of element of communication. So it is a very important role for social change , schools , businesses , and governments. A good critical thinkers is always ask question , assesses the statements and argument able to tackle the lack of understanding or in formation.
“ Judicious reasoning about what to believe and , therefore , what to do”
- Title
Critical thinking is all about asking question . critical thinking involved stepping back from the situations . To enable you see all the angles . Before making judgement over taking decision . One think that is very important to realize . Thinking critically means taking a stand for yourself. Critical thinking is taking decision about good or bad . Reading , hearing , and visually we can do this by critical thinking.
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ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteThe best definition for critical thinking may well be your own to help with that task , the best approach to the topic. Critical thinking is deciding rationally what to or what not or believe. In this video the narrator tells that critical thinking it does not mean criticize on someone. Critical thinking is what we exactly reading, hearing. Critical thinking we must be judicious or careful while critically thinking to any claims or problems made by others.
ReplyDeleteThere are many definitions given by many scholars and critical thinker like Norris , Stephen P. , Halpern , Diane F. , Simon and Kapplan , Stahl and Stahl , Moore and Parker , Smith , Lindsey , Ennis , Paul , Binker , Adamson and Martin.
Critical thinking is a art of thinking about your thinking while you are thinking in order to make your thinking better: more clear, more accurate or more defensible. Uses of critical thinking , to underlies reading , Writing , Speaking , and Listening the basic elements of communication. It helps us uncover bias and prejudices.
Attributes of a critical thinker are asks pertinent question , has a sense of curiosity , is interested in finding new solutions , looks for evidence to support assumption and beliefs , looks for proof , is able to reject information that is incorrect or irrelevant. Critical thinking is best understood as the ability of thinkers to take charge of their own thinking.
The critical Reading is “the process of making judgments in reading: evaluating relevancy and adequacy of what is read…” Critical thinking is a rich concept that has been developing throughout the past 2500 years. It defined by the National Council for excellence in critical thinking. It being responsive to variable subject matter, issues and purposes.
Critical thinking can be seen as having two components:
[1] A set of information and belief generating and processing skills
[2] The habit, based on intellectual commitment of using those skills to guide behavior.
The development of critical thinking skills and dispositions is a lifelong endeavor. Critical thinking is in short, self directed, self disciplined, self monitored, and self corrective thinking. It calls for a persistent effort to examine any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the evidence. In a seminal study on critical thinking and education in 1941, Edward Glaser defines critical thinking as follows “The ability to think critically, as conceived in this volume, involves three thing:
[1] An attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems
[2] Knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning
[3] Some skill in applying those methods.
To conclude that critical thinking is very helpful for problems solving and try to find out the possible solution. An accurate thinker always looks for evidences and beliefs. So we can say that critical thinking should be learnt more Thoroughly and to gain particular decision.
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ReplyDeleteThis week is about Critical thinking and different definitions. Which all based on two video and two articles. In critical thinking first we talked about two videos. In the video narrator firstly talked about different definitions of critical thinking. The narrator says that critical thinking it does not mean criticize someone. Critical thinking is all about the skill of asking questions not only asking question but the right question at appropriate time and place. Critical thinking has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. Critical thinking needs to be careful and intent thinking. Critical thinking is a one kind of problem solving exercise. Critical thinking is not easy process it takes time. The prime goal of critical thinking is evaluate the particular claim and on the basis of that one can accept or reject the argument. It is also a referred as a problem solving. Critical thinking is process that is done slowly, in a judicious way and with lots of application and clearly understanding the need of critical thinking in a field. There are many definitions given by many critical thinkers. According to, Simon and Kapplan “Critical thinking is the formation of logical inferences”. There are also some uses of critical thinking. Critical thinking is important for comprehensible input and it’s also process which can be done actively. In definitions have four main points which are: careful and intentional thinking, use of reason or logic, judgment about beliefs, and application to the real world problems. Smith a great scholar discovers that it is to understand the meaning of the statements, judging ambiguity and judging weather statement made by authorities are accepted. One should be a reflective and learn to adept the good aspects of other claims. It also talked who as well cultivated critical thinkers. The thinkers who raise vital questions and problems, critical thinking is also about a self- discovery which makes you more accurate to filter what is right or wrong. It shows that who are critical thinkers or reader both process to think and read. It means who goes to give statement on who puts argument. The main purpose of the critical thinking is to determine the claim is true or not and on the basis of that one can decide that action can be taken or not. During the process of critical thinking one should think intellectually, actively and skillfully. Critical thinking is also a kind of ability to respond to material by differentiates between facts and opinion or personal feelings. Critical thinking is best understood as the ability of thinkers to take charge of their own thinking. Critical thinking can be seen as having two components: 1.A set of information and belief generating and processing skills, and 2. the habit, based on intellectual commitment, of using those skills to guide behavior. Critical thinking is, in short, self-directed, self –disciplined, self –monitored, and self-corrective thinking.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteCritical Thinking, also called critical analysis, is clear, rational thinking involving critique. Its details very amongst those who define it. According to Barry K. Beyer (1995), critical thinking means making clear, reasoned judgments. During the process of critical thinking, ideas should be reasoned, well thought out and judged. In this first article we learn about various definition of critical thinking given like Norris, Stephen p, Halpern, Simon Smith a great scholar discovers meaning of the statements. Critical thinking is a very wide concept which has been developed before 2500 years ago. The term critical thinking according to the people who write textbooks and articles on the subjects. Critical thinking varies according to the motivation underlying it. When, grounded in selfish motives, It is often manifested in the skillful manipulation of ideas in service of one’s own or one’s groups, Vested interest. In a seminal study on critical thinking and education in 1941, Edward Glaser defines critical thinking as follows. The ability to think critically, as conceived in this volume, involves there things ;( 1) an attitude of being disposed to consider in thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come within the range of one’s experiences. (2) Knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, and (3) some skill in applying those methods.
ReplyDeleteIn the video the narrator says that critical thinking it does not mean criticize someone. General or basic of critical thinking is that what we exactly reading, hearing. So we can easily do critical thinking basis on this all skills. Critical thinking requires careful thinking. Critical thinking is process that is slowly and judicious perfectly understand to need of critical thinking.
To conclude that critical thinking is very helpful for problems solving and try to find out the possible solution.
For this week we have the topic of critical thinking. Both the articles are based on what is critical thinking and different definitions and meanings which were given by different scholars, thinkers and writers. The word thinking means a mental activity, in its cognitive aspect which include perception, imagination, reasoning, memory conception. But critical thinking means to criticise something or someone. Theterm "critical thinking" has its roots in the mid late 20th century. It is defined by the National council for excellence in critical Thinking 1987. Critical thinking entails the examination of those elements in all reasoning that are: purpose, problem, questions at issue, assumptions, concepts alternative viewpoints. It is self directed, self disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair minded way. In short we can say that it is self disciplined, self monitored and self corrective thinking. It entails effective communication and problem solving abilities. It calls for a persistent effort to examine any belief in the light of evidence.
ReplyDeleteThe second article shows definitions of critical thinking according to the people who write textbooks ans articles on the subject. For example Norris Stephen, Halpern, Simon and Kapplan, Stahl and Stahl, Smith, Ennis etc. Have have their definitions according to their thinking.
In this article the uses of critical thinking are mentions like uncover bias and prejudice etc. It plays important part in social change. Like that critical thinking is more important to reach or to find the real meaning.
The article ends with the information about what critical reading and how critical readers are.
Week-2
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking means one should judge the claim, try to identify it is true or not or we can say that the particular claim is acceptable or not.
Critical thinking is kind of process which include certain skill and strategies that increases the possibility of a desirable result. In critical thinking purposeful, reasoned and good directed thinking used in solving problems, calculating likehodes and for making decision. In critical thinking there is also an involvement of evaluating the thinking process, whether the person who thinks for certain problems is no right path or out of the track. Critical thinking is self-guided and self-disciplined process. Critical thinking is a quite difficult task, it's not dependant on family or friend's perspective of certain beliefs infect it is higher order skill which makes you more confident. Critical thinking is also about a self discovery which makes you more accurate to filter what is right or wrong.
Critical thinking is a two way process. There are many scholars who tried to define the term. Critical thinking is not easy process, it takes time. One should focus on complexities and then one can be able to take a decision. It is not a passive process infect it requires active involvement. The prime goal of critical thinking is evaluate the particular claim and on the basis of that one can accept or reject the argument. To evaluate the claim means to judge all the pert of the claim and the person reached at decision whether s/she is agree or disagree with that claim. Critical thinking has more concerned on find truth rather than to prove being right. Critical thinking is also a kind of ability to respond to material by different teat between facts and opinion or personal feelings. Critical thinking requires application of reasons with other ways and tries to judge or react the claims. One can judge those reasons based on emotion, intuition, faith or common sense. The main purpose of the critical thinking is to determine the claim is true or not and on the basis of that one can decide that action can be taken or not. Critical thinking gives insight in understanding. Critical thinking is also kinds of ability to respond to material by differentiate between facts and opinion or personal feelings. There are also some uses of critical thinking. It is a basic element of communication; it can play an important role for social change, into the institutions in any society like court, governments, schools, businesses. It may also helpful for the individual for making them free from half-truth and uncover from biases and prejudices.
At last we can say that a good critical thinker is always ask questions, assesses the statements and arguments and able to tackle the lack of understanding or information. During the process of critical thinking one should think intellectually, actively and skillfully.
• What is critical thinking?
ReplyDeleteIn uploaded materials there is some definition of critical thinking. In article 1 there are many critical thinkers and scholars like Norris, Stephen p, Simon and Kaplan, Moore and parker, Lindsey, hall and Thomason. They all gave different definition for critical thinking. As per my understanding, critical thinking means one should judge the claim, try to identify that the particular claim is acceptable or not. In second article there is a discussion about the attributes of critical thinker and who the critical readers are. In this article critical thinking as a process of actively and skillful conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing and evaluating information gathered from observation. In this article thinking is a rich concept that has been developing throughout the past 2500 years. The term "critical thinking" has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. In the end of this article Edward Glaser define critical thinking.
1) An attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that within the range of one's experiences.
2) Knowledge of the method of logical inquiry and reasoning.
3) Some skills in applying those methods.
In this given video… narrator gives some major views of various definition of critical thinking. In the video the narrator tells that critical thinking it does not mean that citizen on someone. Critical thinking requires careful thinking. So after studying critical thinking I conclude that for me. In the video the narrator says that critical thinking it does not mean criticize someone. The basis of critical thinking is what we read, hear and see. Critical thinking requires careful and intentional thinking. While doing critical thinking we should be judicial and careful while critically thinking on any claim made by anyone. It can also be after studying lots of definition of critical thinking, while the term positive thinking and positive psychology are sometimes used interchangeably, it is important to understand that they are not the same thing. First, positive thinking is about looking at thing from a positive point of view. Positive psychology certainly tends to focus on optimism, but it also notes that while there are many benefits to thinking positively, there are actually times when more realistic thinking is more advantageous.
In conclude as per my understanding critical thinking is all about asking questing. Critical thinking involved stepping back from the situations. To you see all. the angles before making judgment oven taking decision so we can say that critical thinking should be learnt more thoroughly and to gain particular decision.
Week 2
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is all about asking questions. Critical thinking involves stepping back to the situations. One thing is really very important is that do not being critical about critical thinking. Critical thinking does not mean you find fault in others. Our own views are important in critical thinking. Critical thinking is significance give the important to meaning and what people says. Different perspective regarding one topic is really very important in critical thinking. Building the critical thinking skills evaluate argument and adapt your thinking. When you thinking in a focused manner then it becomes critical thinking. Critical thinking needs motivations. To become a true critical thinker means reflecting, creative and giving your judgment. And give our point of view. Thinking critically means making stand for yourself. Critical thinking is used everything in our mind. Critical thinking hinders our mind. Critical thinking is also about the sense of discover and excitement. Critical thinking is all about being much more confident about our own opinion.
Some of the definitions of critical thinking are:
“Critical thinking is deciding rationally what to or what not to believe.”
- Norris, Stephen P.
“Critical thinking is the formation of logical inferences.”
- Simon and Kapplan, 1989
“Critical thinking is careful and deliberate determination of whether to accept, reject, or suspend judgment.”
-Moore and Parker, 1994.
Critical thinking is “the art of thinking about your thinking while you are thinking in order to make your thinking better: more clear, more accurate, or more defensible.”
- Paul, Binker, Adamson, and Martin(1989)
Critical evaluation is "the process of arriving at a judgment about the value or impact of a text by examining its quality in terms of form, style, and rhetorical features, the readability of the author and the consistency between ideas it presents and the reader's experience, including . . . internal evaluation . . . and external evaluation . . ."
- Harris and Hodges. (1995).
Introduction:
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is not a new concept but has been developed since last 2500 years and has it’s derivation at mid-late twentieth century. It is self conducted and moderate kind of thinking. In an influential study on critical thinking and education in 1941, Edward Glaser delineates critical thinking as The ability to think critically, as considers here has three things which are: According to one’s knowledge S/he is ready to observe the problems and subjects that come within one’s familiar areas, in thoughtful way; information about the methods of logical queries and their ways of thinking, and at final few expertise to put them in practice.
Critical thinking is a constant effort to scrutinize any belief or assumptions of data with the help of indication that stands for it and the additional results which have a tendency. It also generally requires ability to recognize problems and unstated assumptions and values. It deals with the use of language that is utilizes in communication and which is accurate and clear and of inequity for the interpretation of data. Critical thinking needs the language which evaluates the data and arguments. It distinguishes the logical relationships among intentions and to deliver true findings about routine life and particular things.
Critical thinking is all about asking questions, those are meaningful and has significance of claims and arguments. It helps us to evaluate the evident or to face the situations we have in our life. It helps to recognize the key points and analyzes the situation or information. To be critical is not only to think critically but it is to be reflective, creative and adoptable. It helps us to decide what is accurate and what is not for ourselves. It compels us to think about the information we have is considerable for taking decisions or we need to have some more evident. The judgments we take might not be same as of others, but through this process our higher-order thinking skills are developed which help to expand our confidence level. It also includes excitement and discovery of the information we have and makes us a clear and better thinker which splits you from common people.
Basically, one thinks that being critical means only to criticize something in negative way but that is not reality. After learning critical thinking one can criticizes but it does not mean to criticize only but it is to assess the claims that one listens, shows or reads. Critical Thinking requires Judiciousness, Use of reason and logic, Judgment about beliefs and Application to Real World problems. It is not an easy process even if we know critical thinking. One must be judicious and have purpose of thinking.
1) Judicious Thinking: Critical thinking is not a submissive. It is not a matter of accepting or rejecting something but, it is about the evaluation of overall claim made by others. It helps you to modify your views about something and also helps to give the reasons of your opinions. Critical thinking is an exercise in problem solving which makes you to think seriously about your standpoints.
2) Use of Reason and Logic: It is an active process that helps you to understand economic, social, ethical and legal problems. Critical thinking is an act of thinking with the help of other ways of thinking where reason is in the center.
3) Judgment about beliefs: It assists us to detect the claims those are true or not and also gives an idea about how we should react on it. It has the way to articulate judgment for your decisions. After having one’s view about something if you accept it directly without any argue, it becomes inherited opinion as you recognize what someone says.
4) Application to Real World problems: In Real world Critical Thinking recommends reasons and actions and evaluates the reasons given by others.
To think something is may be an easy task but to think critically is somehow different. With critical thinking, we get insight and understanding which help us to make our mind sharp and different than others.
ReplyDeleteWith the help of these concepts we have of Critical thinking, we should mention some characteristics of the critical thinkers those are as below:
1) They are able to acknowledge insufficient information or concepts.
2) They easily give reasons for consideration of ideas.
3) They are always keen to analyze hypotheses, convictions and opinions and reflect against facts.
4) They study the problems with closer perspectives and always stand in support of evidence they have.
5) They are able to give their views on particular points and have capacities to select or to reject the fake and inappropriate data.
We have few statements on critical thinkers mentioned by Ellis in D. Becoming a Master Student,1997, those are: “Critical thinkers: distinguish between fact and opinion; ask questions; make detailed observations; uncover assumptions and define their terms; and make assertions based on sound logic and solid evidence.” Critical thinking “helps us uncover bias and prejudice.” It is a path to freedom form half-truths and deceptions.” It is “the willingness to change one point of view as we continue to examine and re-examine ideas that may seem obvious. Such thinking takes time and the willingness to say three subversive words: I don’t know.”
Sum up:
To conclude we can say that critical thinking is a special kind of thinking which is not just important in education but also helps to survive our life. In each step of our life it helps to take correct and sufficient decisions and make us confidence about our knowledge. It helps to agree or disagree on others arguments and splits us from common thinkers.
WEEK 2
ReplyDeleteSecond Article
Critical thinking is a rich concept that has been developing throughout the past 2500 years. The term "critical thinking" has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. They give us various definitions about critical thinking. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.
Critical thinking — in being responsive to variable subject matter, issues, and purposes — is incorporated in a family of interwoven modes of thinking, among them: scientific thinking, mathematical thinking, historical thinking, anthropological thinking, economic thinking, moral thinking, and philosophical thinking.
Critical thinking can be seen as having two components:
1) a set of information and belief generating and processing skills,
2) the habit, based on intellectual commitment, of using those skills to guide behavior.
1. In this article, many scholars give definition of critical thinking. There are a many different opinions of scholars, which is given by Norris, Stephan p, Simmon and Kalpan, Stahl and Stahl, Moore and Parker, Lindzey, Halland Thompson. As per my opinion, critical thinking is a process of our mind and thinking. Critical thinking is a process of our mind and thinking. Critical thinking is important for the development of cohesive and logical reasoning patterns. With the help of critical thinking, we can understand, evaluate and resolve the topic and makes difference between facts and opinions. We can develop our communication skills and critical thinking plays an important role for a society.
ReplyDelete2. In the second article, we can get knowledge about history of critical thinking. Critical thinking has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. After 20th century, many scholars try to develop concept of critical thinking. Critical thinking as a process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing and evaluating information gathered from observation. Critical thinkers use the intellectual tools that offer concepts and principals that enable them to analyze asses and improve thinking. They tried to develop his thinking ability by his own.
3. According to given video, narrator thinks that critical reading it does not mean that to criticize someone. General or essential of basic intuition is that what we precisely reading, hearing. So we can without much of a stretch criticizing on topic. Critical thinking requires careful and intentional thinking. While doing critical thinking we ought to be judicious and care full. Due to this video, I come to know that critical thinking is very hard process. The main basis of fundamental of critical thinking has to be cross reading by reader to vilified or criticize on someone. It means what we read? Why does it read? Why is hearing on showing such are the major points. Critical thinking is based on careful and intent of the thinkers. We should think like to solving the problems of claim which can be done by someone. So at last I come to on my conclusion from the lots of definition of critical thinking. I refer that, critical thinking is process which can be done slowly or easily. In a judgmental way to give a correct feedback after listen the claiming interactions is really good. So, critical thinking must be learnt deeply or under the place of thinking.
In this week we get a few answers concerning pressing inducing particular definitions. In this week key nature depends on upon two recordings and two articles. Two recordings and two articles in light of centrality of pressing thinking and short summery of central considering.
ReplyDeleteIn the first article we get two or three answers concerning organized imperativeness of key discovering given by different critical brains and a couple of experts, for example, Norris, Stephen p, Halpern, Simon and Kapplan and some more. Vital speculation is the game-plan of learning. Lindzey, Corridor and Thompson give outline basic drive as "the examination and testing of proposed answers for see whether they will work." Other expert Simon and Kapplan delineate focal instinct as "Key hypothesis is the change of sensible untruthfulness". All masters and analysts portray fundamental inspiration as their own particular observation. This article give some key data for essential considering. To finish up this article pivotal nature is the strategy of judgment and self learning.
In the second article, genuine accepting is a rich imagined that has been making through out the previous 2500 years. The expression "Major Considering" has its roots in the mid-late twentieth century. Key inspiration is the sensibly planned approach of acceptably and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, looking at, uniting, and reviewing data amassed from, or conveyed using, or gathered by, confirmation, experience, reflection, considering, or correspondence, as a manual for conviction and progression. In this article moderately tells who is doing acceptably work in foremost considering. The speaker educates as for issues and demand concerning key considering. In short key sense is independently guided, self-setting self up, checked and self-obliging considering. End of this article Edward Glaser depict imperative considering.
1. A point of view of being formed to consider in as a mindful way the issues and subjects that go to an exceptional degree close to one's encounters.
2. Information of the strategies for sound request and considering.
3. Some limit in applying those systems. This article is adjoining gives some key gratefulness about major considering.
In this video storyteller give some huge definition about central considering. In this video storyteller said that key expecting it doesn't proposes that censure on some individual. Regardless, key nature is the thing that we looking at, hearing. We do basic hypothesis on these bona fide what we read , hear and see. Key conclusion requires cautious considering. So in the wake of looking at crucial considering, I recognize that for me " Key hypothesis is technique that is deliberate and smart course with get-togethers of adequate reasons and wonderfully comprehend to need of major considering.
Finally, basic sense is key for brains. Key speculation is amazingly useful for vital considering. Central theory is to a brain degree pleasing for social change other than obliging for school, business and impelling field. Basic theory expect mammoth part in troublesome focal considering
The term "critical thinking" has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. Critical thinking is a process of analyzing, applying, conceptualizing information gathered from different sources. It means to simply respond to different stimulus using the interwoven modes of thinking viz. historical thinking, economic thinking, scientific thinking, moral thinking, philosophical thinking, etc. Two of the many components of critical thinking are:
ReplyDelete1. A set of information and belief generating and processing skills
2. The habit based on intellectual commitment of using those skills to guide behaviour.
Some definitions of Critical Thinking:
• “Critical thinking is the development of cohesive and logical reasoning patterns.” Stahl and Stahl, 1991.
• “Critical thinking skills: understanding the meaning of a statement, judging ambiguity, judging whether an inductive conclusion is warranted, and judging whether statements made by authorities are acceptable.” Smith, 1990.
• “Critical thinking is "reasonably and reflectively deciding what to believe or do." Ennis, 1985
Behind critical thinking lies a variety of motivation on whose basis one need to use these higher order skills. Critical thinking can never be claimed as universal because each and everyone possess a different thought system where the application of rationality in thoughts differs. Hence, it can never be the same with two or more people unless it is manipulated. Critical thinking is self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason in the most balanced way. People, who choose to think critically, never agree over a statement or a belief immediately and always try to apply the characteristics of rationality to it. Critical thinkers always strive to be better thinkers and analyse a situation or a statement using the concepts and principles of critical thinking. In other words, critical thinking is always self-directed where an individual finds it very important to analyse an argument or a situation using his/her higher order skills in order to direct the decision on the basis of rationalism.
According to Edward Glaser (1941), “The ability to think critically, as conceived in this volume, involves three things: ( 1 ) an attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come within the range of one's experiences, (2) knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, and (3) some skill in applying those methods. He further adds that critical thinking is an effort used to analyse any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of evidences and reasons. It aims at drawing warranted conclusions and generalizations.
Critical thinking is all about asking questions; the right questions. Questions that help you assess both; the meaning and significance of claims and arguments. Building these skills and applying it in your life makes it easier to assess evidence, evaluate arguments and adapt your thinking. The biggest misconception of critical thinking is that people believe it is all about being critical and finding flaws in others claims. But, to be a true critical thinker means being creative, reflective and adaptable. One while thinking critically evaluates evidences to decide for the own self what is accurate and relevant. Thinking critically means making a stand for yourself. At times, it is really difficult not to be carried away with what your family or friends believe over a topic, but learning how to use these higher order skills can help you feel more confident about your own opinions and conclusions. Critical thinking is also about a sense of discovery and excitement and not only learning and evaluating arguments.
First of all, one needs to be clear that critical thinking is not synonymous to criticizing. Critical thinking requires:
ReplyDelete• careful and intentional thinking
• use of reason or logic
• judgement about beliefs
• application to real world problems
In critical thinking, the goal is to evaluate all parts of the claim that someone has made which allows you to determine whether you agree to it or disagree. Most creative feature of critical thinking is that it allows you to say why you disagree over a claim with a set of reasons and in return you also can offer your alternative arguments. Critical thinking requires applying reasons. Reasons are contrasted with other ways of thinking viz. making decisions on pure emotions, intuition, faith and common sense. People often skip reasons while adapting this ways of thinking. But, one needs to keep all this ways of thinking under the microscope of reason.
To conclude, we live in a diversed and complicated world where people hold widely different views on many topics and we all are expected to have a reasoned judgement on why we agree or not, but many of us has inherited opinions, most of the times political or ethical beliefs because family or community told you. It is needful for every one of us to spend time to critically think which will provide us insight and understanding. It also provides ownership of what we believe.
Ans 1: Critical thinking as defined by the National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking. Critical thinking can be seen as having two components: 1) a set of information and belief generating and processing skills, 2) the habit, based on intellectual commitment, of using those skills to guide behaviour. And present the contrast of the two components. No one is the critical thinker, for this reason the development of critical thinking skills and dispositions is a life-long endeavour. Critical thinking is self-guided, self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair-minded way. Critical thinkers can always improve their reasoning abilities. Socratic principle: The unexamined life is not worth living, because they realise that many unexamined lives together result in an uncritical, unjust, dangerous world. Why Critical Thinking? Critical thinking is that mode of thinking about any subject or problem in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking by skilfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon them. The ability to think critically involves three things: a thoughtful way of problems, knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning and some skill in applying those methods.
ReplyDeleteAns 2: In the article “Critical Thinking across the Curriculum Project” firstly given a number of definitions of critical thinking. According to Barbara Fowler from Longview Community College, he fined the best approach of critical thinking written by Peter A. Facione, Dean of the college of Arts and Sciences, Santa Clara University. Here is some of the definition of critical thinking by the scholars: “Critical thinking is deciding rationally what to or what not to believe”. “The art of thinking about your thinking while you are thinking in order to make your thinking better: more clear, more accurate or more defensible.” Critical thinking is used in L,S,R,W and play an important role in social changes. And it focused on the truth and uncovers bias and prejudice. Critical thinker examined the problems, focused on the truth, analyze the ideas and finding the new solution of the problems. Critical readers take a stand on the problems and spend some time and reflect on the ideas. It means that critical readers are finding the problems, evaluate the ideas and give judgement on the ideas.
Ans video 1:- In the 1st video it explains about the term `Critical'. It refers as a way of thinking. Moore and Parker gave the definition as ``the careful application of reason in the determination of a claim whether it is a true ".Generally Critical Thinking requires some key features. They are as below.
ReplyDelete1) Careful and intentional thinking. It simplified as a judicious means good thinking that requires sufficient time. Thinking should be conveyed in a purposefully and deliberate manner. A Person making claim that is fully evaluate also known as problem solving.2) Use of logic or reason means that Critical thinking is an active process. A person have to under some Factors in a critical way like Social, ethical and economical contexts. Then after he applies his reason in his arguments. 3)Judgement about beliefs. 4) Application to real world problems. Both points explain about the purpose of the Critical Thinking. A Claim or Evidence is true or false. After that he uses an evaluation for taking the necessary action. At the end, Critical Thinking helps to offer reasons, actions and evaluation of particular one.
Ans video 2: Critical thinking means asking a right questions that help us to assess the meaning and the significance of the claims and arguments. If we apply critical thinking skill in our life, it helps us to assess evidence, evaluate arguments and adapt our thinking. It helps us to look upon all the possible ways of taking decisions and identify the key points, analyze information etc... It doesn’t mean that critical thinking is about being critical or finding false in others claim. Critical thinker means being creative, reflective, adaptive. Thinking critically means taking stand for ourselves. It helps us to be confident what we say. Critical thinking is also about a sense of discovery and excitement not only for learning but about argument which we feel that right or wrong. By using this technique we are being a better critical thinker.
Week -2
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is a rich concept that has been developed throughout the past 2500 years. The term “critical thinking “ has roots in the mid –late 20th century. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing synthesizing, and or evaluating information gathered from , or generated by, observation , experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. Critical thinking can be seen as having two components 1) a set of information and belief generating and processing skills, and habit, based on intellectual commitment, of using those skills to guide behavior. It is thus to be contrasted with: 1)the mere acquisition and retention of information alone, because it involves a particular way in which information is sought and traded; 2) the mere possession of a set of skill, because it involves the continual use of them; and 3)the mere use of those skills without acceptance of their results. In a seminal study on critical thinking and education in 1941, Edward Glaser defines critical thinking as follows “ The ability to think critically, as conceived in this volume, involves three things 1)an attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come within the range of one’s experiences, 2) knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, and 3) some skill in applying those methods.
2
Critical thinking is carful and deliberate determination of whether to accept, reject, or suspend judgment.(Moore and Parker,1994) Critical thinking skills: ,understanding the meaning of a statement, judging ambiguity , judging whether an inductive conclusion is warranted, and judging whether statements made by authorities are acceptable.(Smith, 1990).
Uses of critical thinking -
“ underlies reading, writing, speaking, and listening … the basic elements of communication”
“plays an important part in social changes… institutions in any society- government, schools, businesses- are the products of a certain way of thinking.”
“helps us uncover bias and prejudice.”
“is a path to freedom form half-truths and deceptions.”
“the wiliness to change one point of view as we continue to examine and re-examine ideas that may seem obvious. Such thinking takes time and the willingness to say three subversive words: I don’t know .” (Ellis, D. Becoming a Master Student,1997).
Critical readers are: willing to spend time reflecting on the ideas presented in their reading assignments , able to evaluate and solve problems while reading rather than merely compile a set of facts to be memorized, logical thinkers, diligent in seeking out the truth, eager to express their thoughts on a topic, open to new ideas that may not necessarily agree with their previous thought on a topic, able to base their judgments on ideas and evidence, able to identify arguments and issues…(Schumann,J.S. and Post, S.A.(1997). Executive Learning,282.)
Explanation of videos
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is about asking right question, which help us to assess evidence ,evaluate arguments and adapt our thinking. It help us to see all the angles before making any judgment or decision. Critical thinking is not about being a critical and not to find fault in others .Critical thinker means being creative, reflective and adaptable. Critical thinker always think about do I have sufficient information to take decision on particular topic or not. Thinking critically means taking a stand for our self. Critical thinking is also about a sense of discovery and excitement not only about learning but about the arguments just we have standup and filtering our selves what is right or wrong. By using this technique we find our selves better thinker.
In the video the definition and purpose of critical thinking are given. According to Moore and Parker “ Critical thinking is the careful application of reason in the determination of whether a claim is true” Critical thinking requires careful ,intentional thinking, use of reason or logic, judgment about beliefs ,application to real world problems. The term `Critical Thinking' refers to way of thinking. Moore and Parker defines it as `The Careful application of the reason in the determination of whether a claim is true or not. For being a true critical thinker, a thinker should be creative,reflective,adaptive that includes all the evidence that are relevant and appropriate for the his discussion. Critical Thinking required certain components.
1. Careful and Intentional thinking that requires sufficient time. A Conversation conveyed in a purposeful and deliberately way.
2.Use of reason or logic means that a process is done actively. A Thinker should understand some contexts like Social, ethical, economical.This type of certain knowledge help him to applied in a reason that leads a good argument.
3.Judgement about beliefs and 4.Application to real world problems helps for the purpose of the Critical Thinking regarding the Claim or evidence that is true or false
The term `Critical Thinking' refers to way of thinking.Moore and Parker defines it as `The Careful application of the reason in the determination of whether a claim is true or not.For being a true critical thinker, a thinker should be creative,reflective,adaptive that includes all the evidence that are relevant and appropriate for the his discussion.It is a cognitive process of knowledge that is done in actively and skillfully conceptualized.In other form , it can be described as a universal cognitive values that are beyond the subject matter divisons or sections.it imply examine those structures of thoughts indirectly in all reasoning.like purpose and problem, assumptions,reasons that leads to the conclusions and reference that are framing.
ReplyDeleteA Defintion of Critical Thinking is that a mode of thinking for any subject,content,and a problem in which the thinker imporves quality of his or her own thinking ability that is skillfully taking the charge of structures that occurs naturally and established intellectual thoughts upon them.
Richard paul and Linda Elder described Critical Thinking as a short self directed,disciplined,monitored and corrective thinking.
Another scholars Harris and Hodge defines critical thinking as a process of arriving the judgements about the values of the text that implied its quality in terms of form,style and rhetorical features, reading ability of the authors and consistent between ideas for its present and reader's experience.
Critical Thinking means being replying to various variable incuding subject matter , issues and purposes.Critical Thinking having two major components.
1). A information that is fully set and belief of skills that is being generated and proceed.
2). The Habbit based on having understanding for those skills for guiding to the behaviour.It can be distinguished with 1). limit of acquiring and remembring informations alone ,beacuase it leads a information in a particular way that is acquiring and treated.2).limit of controlling a set of skills that involves continuous use of them.3)limit of those skills because without that result can not be accepted.
Critical Thinking of any category is never universal for anyone or individual because every subject can not be self governed or irrational thoughts.Theirfore it is typically matter of degree that is dependent upon those things that has quality and depth of thinking that gives controlling of thinking for a particular class.Critical Thinking is a self guided and controling thinking which attempts reason for the highest level of quality in adequate way.People who thinks criticalally attempts certain things like live rationally means capable of reasoning.
Edward Glaser defines it as ``The ability of think critically that involves three things.1).An attitude that being a get rid of thought that occurs problems and subjects within the range of one's experience. 2).Knowledge of the methods that is logical inquiring and reasoning.3). some skills that applying those methods.
At the end Critical Thinking Helps to offer reasons ,actions and evaluation.
Week 2
ReplyDeleteVideo 1
Critical thinking is all about asking question. The right question, question is that help you assess both the meaning and significant of the claims and arguments. Critical thinking involves stepping back situation to enable you see all angle before making judgments or taking decision. Critical thinking means analyzing the resource information waving up different types of evidence. Critical thinking is not about being critical and it’s about much more finding flows in other people claims. To be true critical thinker being creator reflective and adaptable, evaluating the evidence to decide for you what is accurate? What is relevant? And do I have sufficient information to take decision on the topic. Thinking critically means taking a stand for yourself. Critical thinking is also about a sensitive discovery and excitement, not only about learning but evaluating argument.
Video 2
In this video describes the detail description of the critical thinking. According to Moore & Parker, “the careful application of reason in the determination of whether the claim is true.” According to Tittle, “critical thinking is judicious reasoning about what to believe and therefore what to do.”
Important parts of this definition:
1. Careful ,intentional thinking
2. Use of reason and logic
3. Judgment about beliefs.
4. Application to real world problems.
In the first part considered the ideas of careful and judicious. Critical thinking is not face to easy process. Even if you had done it powerfully required to take the time, purposeful and deliberate evaluation. This part is focused on complexities. Critical thinking is not passive; it is not easily decided accepting or rejecting the argument. It is go to fully evaluate all parts of claims. Critical thinking is logical process that you go through to determine whether you agree or disagree. Critical thinking a large why you agree or disagree. Critical thinking is an exercise in problem solving. Critical thinking is not a process the most people do the activity but it’s important to both your understanding what other people say and thinking say other.
In the second part considered critical thinking is active process. Critical thinking is required applying reasons. Finally the last two parts judgments and application of determine whether the claim is true and deciding the act based on the determination.
The purpose of critical thinking:
Whether the claim is true or not and then to use the assessment to decide what action and action to take. Fortunately we are asked to take position regarding the truth or acceptability or something. The complicated world in which the people give different views on many topic. Such as community business and government need to decide what to do on many issues that subject or a strong argument. Critical thinking helps us offer reasons, actions and evaluate reasons of others. Critical thinking will provide insight & understanding and also provides ownership of what we believe.
Article 1
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is a rich concept that has been developing throughout the past 2500 years. Its roots in the mid-late 20th century. Here we offer overlapping definitions of critical thinking, together which form a substantive, transdisciplinary conception of critical thinking. Critical thinking as defined by the National Council for Excellence in critical thinking, 1987
“Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing and/or evaluating information gathered from or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reason, depth, breadth and fairness. –by Michel scriven and Richard Paul.
In short critical thinking is self directed, self monitor and self corrective thinking.it presupposes assent to rigorous standards of excellence and mindful command of their use. It entails effective communication and problem solving abilities and a commitment to overcome our native egocentrism and sociocentrism. In 1941 Edward Glaser defines critical thinking as follows”The ability to think critically, as conceived in this volume, involes three things: (1) an attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and the subject that come within the range of one’s experiences, (2) knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning and (3) some skills and applying those methods.
Article: 2
In this article different author (critical thinkers) has given various definition of critical thinking. According to Paul, Binker, Adamson and Martin (1989) “critical thinking is the art of thinking about your thinking while you are thinking in order to make your thinking better: clearer, more accurate or more defensible”.
According to this definition critical thinking is an art of thinking. If you are thinking in order to make your thinking better: more clear, more accurate or more defensible”.
Many thinkers has given the definition of critical thinking, such as Norris , Stephen P,Haipern, Diane F, Simon and kapplan (1989), Smith(1990) etc.
In this article also described uses of critical thinking, qualities of a critical thinker and also definition of critical reading.
Critical thinking is something related to questioning. It makes the learners value the significance of arguments. It helps one in seeking evidences. Applying them in life one can easily find the proves for anything or any phenomena. IT basically includes the process of “Step- Back “ to one situation and think from all the dimensions of any concepts, taking decisions and ultimately pass on any judgment. There is a common notion about the concept that “Critical Thinking “only involves thinking negative about each and everything. It involves assessing claims which heard, seen or observed. According to Moore and Parker, The Carefull application of reason In the determination of whether the claim is true. “ Tittle supports this statement by calling critical thinking judicious reasoning. Critical thinking basically requires four skills
ReplyDelete!. Careful, Intentional Thinking.
2. The use of reason or logic
3. Judgments about beliefs
4. Application to real world problems
!. Careful, Intentional Thinking.
This involves thinking for purpose. A Critical thinker knows for what he/she is applying his thinking skills.
2. The use of reason and logic
Thinker should have a valid , genuine and acceptable reason for any claims he/she makes for any statement.
3. Judgments about beliefs
This simply means that one should take a stand for anything he believes that too with alogical arguments. In this way the third and fourth points related to each other.
4. Application to the real world problem
This belongs to the implementation of all the idea and the steps discussed above.
To think, to think in a particular way and to think critically is a sort of a skill. Critical thinking needs better understanding of the matter. For that, we have to form a habit of asking questions, thinking on a particular matter looking both the sides of coin.
ReplyDeleteAs said before, critical thinking needs skill we have to think over the topic with all the angles. By doing so, we can come to a judgement or discussion and the decision or the judgement would be flawless. During our thinking and that to critical thinking, we have to analyse the information with the help of the analysis of the information we are able to form our own independent ideas. These independent ideas would be relevant and full proof.
While thinking about a particular thing, we are not supposed to be swayed by the thinking and ideas of our close relatives and friends because the swaying may hamper our judgement and conclusion. Higher level order of our thinking makes our thinking stronger, fruitful and critical. This sort of thinking makes us excited to know and helps us to know what is wrong. Here, the learner or the thinker feels himself to be in a better position. He becomes a true thinker. He is able to decide what is irrelevant or what is insignificant.
Looking into certain definitions of critical thinking, Peter A facoine, Dean of the college of arts and sciences, Santa Clara University says” critical thinking is deciding rationally what to do or what not to believe.” According to Norris, Stephen P.” critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skill or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome.” “Critical thinking is the formation of logical inferences,” said Halpern Diane F.
Having seen the definitions, we shall talk about the uses of critical thinking.
1. It underlines the basic elements of communication.
2. It plays a pivotal role in social change in the institutions in any society.
3. It helps us the reveal biases and prejudices.
4. It is a road way to freedom from half-truths, deception etc.
5. It brings about willingness to charge our view points since we always continue to examine and re-examine our information and ideas.
6. It about willingness to retort to subversive words.
7. Critical thinking helps us distinguish between fact and opinion.
8. It makes us revise questions.
9. It leads us to detailed observations regarding the things taking place around us.
10. It helps us uncover assumptions.
11. It leads us to make assertions based on logical sound and solid evidences
We know that a critical thinker should have certain attributes that can make him better and solid critical thinker. Following are certain necessary attributes of a critical thinker.
ReplyDelete• A critical thinker is always inclined to ask questions since asking questions help us gather relevant information that can be analysed and evaluated as per needs.
• He has the ability to cross statements and arguments to come to a true judgement or decision.
• He must be humble enough to accept a lack of comprehending of the information.
• He should have the trait of curiosity and inquisitiveness.
• He should be adopt at finding situations to problems.
• He has to find out evidences in support of his beliefs, assumption, opinion and notions. He should be able to adjust his beliefs, opinion with the new found facts.
• He would not jump to any conclusion without ample proof.
• He should be able to reject incorrect and irrelevant information.
The term has its roots in the mid late 20th century. It is a process of conceptualizing, applying, asserting, or evaluating the gathered information from observation, experience, reflection, reasoning communication etc.
Critical thinking is never universal in any individual. Everyone is subject to episodes of undisciplined, irrational and irrelevant ideas. None is a critical thinker thoroughly. He is a thinker to a certain extent with such insight. Such tendencies and blind spot towards self-delusion. Hence, we can assert that developing skills for critical thinking is a lifelong and everlasting endeavour. It is a self-guiding, self-disciplined thinking. Critical thinkers coincidently tries to live rationally, reasonably, empathetically. They always duly remember that in spite of being a skilful thinker they have to improve the reasoning ability.
Good and able critical thinker should always keep in mind that unexamined and unassessed life is not worth living because such a life result in an uncritical, unjust and dangerous world. Therefore they should overpower injudicious, faulty and deviated information through gaining insight, comprehending ability, striking to correct concepts and ideas, key features of mastering the critical thinking
There are many definitions given by scholars about critical thinking. This week we will deal with two videos and two articles .in the first article, we will learn about various definitions of critical thinking given by renowned critical thinkers and some scholars like Norris, Stephen p., Simon, Kapplan and many more. Critical thinking is a very wide concept which was developed before 2500 years ago. The term “critical thinking” has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluation information gathered from, or generated by observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness.
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is all about asking questions which help to assess meaning and significance. It deals with stepping back from the situation. It draws attention of all the angles. Critical thinking analyses the sources of information and investigate different type of evidence. It does not mean being critical but much more finding flows of other people’s claim. Critical thinker means being creative, reflective and adaptator evaluating evidence to decide by you. Thinking critically means that taking stand for one self which is correct. It can help you to be confident. It’s all about the sense of discovery, excitement for new learning and learning educating argument. It helps to be clear batter thinker.
As mention by Halpern, Diane F. in Thought and Knowledge: An Introduction to Critical Thinking (1996). "Critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used to describe thinking that is purposeful, reasoned and goal directed - the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating inferences, calculating likelihoods, and making decisions when the thinker is using skills that are thoughtful and effective for the particular context and type of thinking task. Critical thinking also involves evaluating the thinking process - the reasoning that went into the conclusion we've arrived at the kinds of factors considered in making a decision. Critical thinking is sometimes called directed thinking because it focuses on a desired outcome.
Thinking critically does not mean to criticize someone negatively but, thoughtfully reason, consideration, not reflective, quick or unthinking judgment. In the concept of critical thinking, critical refers to two ways of thinking. An analytical thinking stands assessing what you read, heard and seen. “The careful application of a reason in that determination of whether a claim is true”. Another definition is, “Judicious reasoning about what to believe and, therefore, what to do”. Critical thinking requires:
Careful, intentional thinking,
Use of reason or logic,
Judgment about beliefs,
Application to real world problems.
Critical thinking is a process of active involvement. It must be purposeful and deliberate. It focuses on complexities which are on your hand and it is not about accepting or rejecting argument. One must evaluate all parts of a claim. Critical thinking is an exercise in problem solving and is important for our understanding and thought processes. It leads to our great understanding whether it is economic, ethical and legal problem. Critical thinking requires applying reasons. One has to consider reasons and other ways of judging we are ask to take a position regarding the truth or acceptability of something. One must have a reasoned judgment on why you agree or not on certain topics. Inherited opinion: believing something because someone told you so. Critical thinking helps us offer reasons, actions and evaluate reasons of others. In critical thinking, taking time to critically think will provide insight, and understanding. Even it also provides ownership of what we believe and what others believe.
ReplyDeleteTo sum up, critical thinking is a wide term which is not only helpful to students or to teachers but also has significance in daily life of human beings. With the use of this theory, we can make our own identity by being stable on our judgments with proper arguments. In critical thinking we get insight and understanding which help us to make our mind sharp and different than others.
Jigisha Kachhia
ReplyDeleteCritical thinking is a rich concept that has been developing throughout the past 2500 years. The term “critical thinking” has its roots in the mid-late 20th century. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. Critical thinking is not only about criticizing others but it is about criticizing others’ argument or claim with some reason. There should not be unthinking judgment. As per the views of Diane F. Halpern (1996), “Critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used to describe thinking that is purposeful, reasoned and goal directed- the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating inferences, calculating likelihoods, and making decisions when the thinker is using skills that are thoughtful and effective for the particular context and type of thinking task. Critical thinking also involves evaluating the thinking process- the reasoning that went into the conclusion we’ve arrived at the kinds of factors considered in making a decision. Critical thinking is sometimes called directed thinking because it focuses on a desired outcome.” The word ‘critical’ refers to a way of thinking, the analytical stands we take in regards to assessing claims that we have read, heard or saw. Moore and Parker states that, “The careful application of reason in the determination of whether a claim is time.” Critical thinking requires:
1) Careful, intentional thinking
2) Use of reason or logic
3) Judgment about beliefs
4) Application to real world problems
Critical thinking is not fast or easy process, it requires time. In critical thinking, being careful and judicious requires to be purposeful and deliberate in evaluation. The goal of critical thinking is not simply to decide whether to accept or reject the argument but to fully evaluate all parts of a claim. Critical thinking is a logical process which allows you to determine whether you agree or disagree and to explain why you disagree and which part of argument you find is wrong. One has to offer alternative argument. It is an exercise in problem solving. Critical thinking is active process and requires applying reason. In this we are asked to take a position regarding the truth or accessibility of something. We should have a reasoned judgment on why we agree or disagree with claim or argument. Inherited opinion also plays a vital role that we start accepting or believing something because someone told us so. Critical thinking helps us to offer reasons, action and evaluate reasons of others.
Jigisha Kachhia
ReplyDeleteContinue...
Critical thinking can be seen as having two components: 1) a set of information and belief generation and processing skills, and 2) the habit, based on intellectual commitment, of using those skills to guide behavior. Critical thinking varies according to the motivation underlying it. Critical thinking of any kind is never universal in any individual; everyone is subject to episodes of undisciplined or irrational thought. Critical thinking is self-guided, self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair-minded way. People who think critically consistently attempt to live rationally, reasonably, empathically. They use the intellectual tools that critical thinking offers- concepts and principles that enable them to analyze, assess, and improve thinking. They strive to improve the world in whatever ways they can and contribute to more rational, civilized society. At the same time, they recognize the complexities often inherent in doing so. They avoid thinking simplistically about complicated issues and strive to appropriately consider the rights and needs of relevant others. They recognize the complexities in developing as thinkers, and commit themselves to life-long practice toward self-improvement. Critical thinker asks questions, assesses statements and arguments, has a sense of curiosity, is interested in finding new solutions, listens carefully to others and is able to give feedback, looks for evidence to support assumption and beliefs, looks for proof, examines problems closely and is able to reject information that is incorrect or irrelevant. Critical thinking requires ability to recognize problems, to find workable means for meeting those problems, to gather and marshal pertinent information, to recognize unstated assumptions and values, to comprehend and use language with accuracy, clarity, and discrimination, to interpret data, to appraise evidence and evaluate arguments, to recognize the existence of logical relationship between proposition, to draw warranted conclusions and generalizations, to put to test the conclusions and generalizations at which one arrives, to reconstruct one’s patterns of beliefs on the basis of wider experience, and to render accurate judgments about specific things and qualities in everyday life. Critical thinking is all about asking questions- right questions. Questions that help us to assess the meaning and significance of an argument or claim. Building these skills and applying them in our life makes it easier for us to assess evidence, evaluate argument and adapt our thinking. Critical thinking involves stepping back from a situation to enable you to see all the angles before making judgment or taking decision. To be critical thinker means to be creative, reflective and adaptable. Thinking critically means to take stand for yourself. It is about learning how to use the higher order thinking skills. Critical thinking is also about a sense of discovery and excitement not only about learning but evaluating arguments.
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ReplyDeleteAs we read and listens materials and videos of the critical thinking. There are so many definitions given scholars or critical thinkers like Norris, Thomson, Moore ,Title, Simon ,Kaplan, Stephen, Parker ,Hall they conclude that critical thinking is active process. critical is all about asking questions. critical thinking is not similarize with the criticizing. Concept of critical thinking is two way process analytical ,read or heard sound. critical thinking show the purpose and value.
ReplyDeleteMoore and Parker,”The careful application of reasons in the determination of whether a claim is true”.
Title, “Judicious reasoning about what to believe and therefore what to do”.
Critical thinking allow you to determine whether you agree or disagree. critical thinking is an exercise of problem solving. All critical thinking is based on the claim true & how do we act based on that information? critical thinking helps us for reasons, actions and evaluate. critical thinkers are independent. They always stand confidently in front of the people. Critical thinking is sense of discovery and excitement of learning.
Critical thinking is self guided ,self Disciplined thinking which attempts to reasons at the highest levels of quality in fair minded way. Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying critical thinking helps us to offers reasons ,actions and evaluate the reasons for ohers.